Assessment of carbohydrate metabolism

Glucose is a monosaccharide that is the main energy substrate of the body. The concentration of glucose in the blood depends on the activity of glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis and glycolysis. Insulin regulates glucose uptake (reducing its concentration in the blood) and maintaining homeostasis. Under the influence of insulin, the blood glucose concentration decreases, while under the influence of other hormones, the glucose level increases. See fasting blood glucose (venous blood).