Lymphoma

Lymphoma is a group of malignant hematological diseases characterized by damage to the lymphatic system. Lymphoma account for about 5% of all oncological diseases in the world, and not many clinics treat lymphomas in Ukraine.

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Risk factors for developing lymphoma:

viral infections and frequent inflammation;
autoimmune diseases;

genetic abnormalities;
ionizing radiation;

regular contact with toxins and carcinogens;
adverse environmental conditions;

smoking and alcohol abuse;
obesity.

Classification, stages of lymphoma:

According to the main classification, lymphoma is divided into two types:

Hodgkin's lymphoma is characterized by damage to B-lymphocytes, there are five morphological variants. The disease is aggressive. Easy to treat.

non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is characterized by the defeat of not only B- but also T-lymphocytes, there are more than 30 morphological variants. It has a less aggressive course than Hodgkin's lymphoma but is more difficult to treat.

Stages:

1.stage - the pathological process involved one group of lymph nodes or one organ;

2.stage - two or more groups of lymph nodes are involved in the process on one side of the diaphragm;

3.stage - lymph nodes on both sides of the diaphragm are affected, possibly affecting the spleen and/or neighboring organs;

4.stage - metastases to the bone marrow, kidneys, liver, intestines, etc.

Clinical manifestations:

Clinical manifestations of lymphoma are diverse because they can affect different organs and systems and develop common manifestations. More "variegated" symptoms are characteristic of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, manifestations of Hodgkin's lymphoma are relatively typical.

The main clinical syndromes:

changes in lymph nodes - enlargement of lymph nodes in the armpits and neck, groin; lymph nodes are painless, except in cases of ingrowth into nerve trunks;
hepatosplenomegaly - enlargement of the liver and spleen;
tumor growth in other organs;
hematological manifestations - anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, increased ESR, in some patients - pancytopenia;
general manifestations - an unmotivated weight loss; fever over 38 ºC; night sweats.

Diagnosis:

After a thorough examination of the patient and collection of medical history, the hematologist draws up a plan of examination, the mandatory points of which are:

laboratory tests: general and biochemical blood test, blood test for HIV, hepatitis B, C;
Excisional lymph node biopsy.
chest x-ray;
CT, PET-CT of the chest and abdominal organs;
according to the indications: bone scintigraphy, bone x-ray, liver biopsy, etc.

If microscopic examination finds Reed-Sternberg cells specific for Hodgkin's disease, Hodgkin's lymphoma is diagnosed. The group of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma includes if such cells are not detected.

Treatment and its cost:

Lymphoma treatment is based on the prevalence, histological parameters, tumor risk factors, age, and general condition of the patient. Fertility preservation options are discussed with men and women of childbearing age prior to treatment and, where applicable, with their oncologists and fertility specialists.

The cost of lymphoma treatment in Ukraine is based on the prices of certain therapy methods.

The main treatment is chemotherapy. Doctor use cytostatics of different groups in the form of a short course. The goal of lymphoma treatment is to achieve sustained remission. The cost of lymphoma treatment largely depends on whether the patient needs transplantation (transplantation) of autologous (own) hematopoietic blood stem cells (auto-HSCT). Radiation therapy is also used in combination with chemotherapy.

One of the leading clinics in the treatment of lymphomas in Kyiv is our center. Recently, when treating lymphoma, doctors have been paying special attention to targeted therapy, which affects certain molecules that are in the cancer cell itself. Also, in case of severe relapses of lymph node cancer, such a modern method of treatment as CAR-T therapy (immunotherapy) is used.

The advantages of carrying out the service with us:

Highly qualified doctors
Accurate diagnostics and state-of-the-art equipment

In the practice of the Dobrobut Clinic in Kyiv, modern methods of treatment are used in accordance with the recommendations of international protocols
Individual approach to each patient

The price of lymphoma treatment in Kyiv is much lower than in neighboring countries
The main goal of our center is the maximum preservation of the patient's quality of life.

How to sign up?

You can sign up for a preliminary examination and get acquainted with the prices on our website https://www.dobrobut.com/ or using the 24-hour contact center, whose contacts are listed on the clinic's website.

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Bibliography

Engert, А. Hodgkin Lymphoma. A Comprehensive Update on Diagnostics and Clinics/A. Engert, S.J. Horning // Springer International Publishing. — 2011. — Р. 381.
Hodgkin Lymphoma. Second edition/R.T. Hoppe [et al.]. — Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007. — 466 p.
Marcus, R. Lymphoma: Pathology, Diagnosis and Treatment/R. Marcus, J.W. Sweetenham, M.E. Williams. — Cambridge University Press, 2007. — 278 р.
Evens, А. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Pathology, Imaging, and Current Therapy/A. Evens, K.A. Blum. — Springer International Publishing, 2015. — 344 р.