Early detection of cervical cancer
If the PAP test has revealed pathological changes of cells, you should consult a gynecologist and undergo additional diagnostic examinations: colposcopy and biopsy.
Biopsy can be performed together with the process of removal of the pathologically changed part of the cervix.
Cervical cancer phases:
- the first phase of cervical cancer is the carcinoma in situ (also known as precancerous or severe dysplasia), when the group of ill-defined cells has started to grow but has not spread to adjacent tissues yet.
- early cervical cancer (stages I-IIA) is usually more extended than stage 0, however, cancerous growths are still restricted to the cervix.
- locally advanced cervical cancer (stages IIB-IVA) is the cancer spread beyond the confines of the cervix to the adjacent tissues such as vagina, rectum and urinary bladder.
- IVB stage means cancer spread beyond the pelvis (for example, to lungs or liver).
Having confirmed the diagnosis and determined the phase of the disease, a doctor can prescribe additional diagnostics: computerized tomography of thoracic, abdominal and pelvic organs, contrast-aided MRI of small pelvis that will help to determine the presence and the phase of the disease, to assess the tumor extension beyond the cervix in other parts of the body.
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A doctor prescribes a treatment on the basis of the data received during diagnostics and individual characteristics of a patient. A choice of treatment approach at Dobrobut oncological center is always approved by a multidisciplinary oncological concilium.
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