Everyone should know first aid for anaphylactic shock

Providing first aid for anaphylactic shock

Anaphylactic shock is a life-threatening condition. This is an allergic reaction to a particular allergen entering the human body. Everyone should know the algorithm of actions in case of anaphylactic shock, because a person's life depends on it. The main symptoms of the condition are dizziness, weakness, pronounced shortness of breath, drop in blood pressure, tachycardia, skin rash. Children are most susceptible.

The reasons for the development of anaphylactic reactions are very diverse:

• food (citrus, chocolate, dairy products, nutritional supplements);
• plants (coniferous trees, forbs);
• animals (pets, insects);
• medicines (vaccines, serums, hormones, antibiotics, contrast agents).

Symptoms of anaphylactic shock in children

Anaphylactic shock is especially dangerous in childhood due to the insufficient development of organs and systems. Due to anatomical and physiological features, this reaction in a child can develop very quickly. Most often, anaphylactic shock is the result of the introduction of a vaccine or any other medication into the child's body.

Symptoms of anaphylactic shock in children: a feeling of fear, anxiety, headache, skin rashes, wheezing in the throat, tachycardia, abdominal pain (not always). The speed of manifestations depends on the way the allergen enters the body. With intravenous administration, an anaphylactic reaction occurs instantly. When eating - within several hours. It is impossible to predict the development of anaphylaxis, so doctors recommend always having anti-allergy drugs in your first-aid kit. The doctor will tell you in more detail about the standards and recommendations regarding the composition of the first-aid kit during the consultation.

Important: at the slightest suspicion of the development of anaphylactic shock, it is necessary to immediately call an ambulance and give the baby an antihistamine tablet.

Pregnancy: emergency care for anaphylactic shock

Pregnant women are also vulnerable in terms of allergies. With overloads that occur during anaphylaxis, the probability of miscarriages, early detachment of the placenta and premature birth is particularly high. In a pregnant woman, the cardiovascular system and kidneys are primarily affected. There is a high probability of stroke, heart failure and bleeding.

Emergency care for anaphylactic shock is to immediately call an ambulance and give the pregnant woman an antihistamine. It is extremely important to indicate the woman's condition when talking to the dispatcher.

Forms of anaphylactic shock

Typical – the most widespread form, characterized by breathing disorders, skin rash and swelling of the mucous membranes.

Hemodynamic - accompanied by disorders of the vascular system and myocardial insufficiency.

Asphyxic - manifested by acute respiratory failure, spasm of the respiratory tract, swelling of the larynx, lungs and bronchi. Asphyxiation may occur without assistance.

Cerebral - rarely occurs. It is characterized by convulsions, headache, feeling of fear, excitement, rapid breathing

Abdominal - accompanied by a clinic of "acute" abdomen. Manifestations - loose stools, severe abdominal pain, colic.

On our website you will find more information. Here you can make an appointment with a doctor and learn about the rules for administering adrenaline drugs in case of anaphylactic shock.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis is made after taking an anamnesis and examining the patient. There is no time for other research.

After providing first aid for anaphylactic shock, the doctor will prescribe a number of examinations that will help clarify the diagnosis and rule out similar diseases.

Treatment of anaphylactic shock

The first medical aid for anaphylactic shock is the introduction of adrenaline in the form of a ready-made solution - an EpiPen syringe or from an ampoule in a certain dilution. Treatment of anaphylactic shock after emergency care is provided in a hospital.

Complications of anaphylaxis:

• prolonged hypotension;
• abdominal pain, general weakness, sluggishness;
• heartaches;
• emergence of an infiltrate at the site of the bite.

The prognosis depends on the timeliness of assistance, the professionalism of the doctor and the general condition of the patient. In addition, the age of the patient and the presence of chronic diseases are important.

Article author / reviewer - Rykova Stanislava Oleksandrivna